MAC Addresses is unique 48-bits address embedded into a Network Interface card NIC during manufacturing process. These 6-byte addresses are expressed in 12 digits hexadecimal numbers.
Standards are essential in creating and maintaining an open and competitive market for equipment manufacturers and in guaranteeing national and international interoperability of data and telecommunications technology and processes.
The effectiveness of a data communications system depends on some fundamental factors: delivery, accuracy, Timeliness, Jitter, Error detection & Correction.
Software defined network enables the network to be intelligent, centrally controlled and programmable using software. SDN controllers are used to direct traffic on the network and communicate with the underlying hardware infrastructure.